ILPC 2026

 In 2001, both Argentina and Turkey witnessed the most devastating economic crises in their recent histories. The post-2001 political-economic restructuring processes displayed important differences in these two countries, implying a neo-developmentalist orientation in the former and the entrenchment of the neoliberal agenda with increasingly authoritarian characteristics in the latter. In this paper, I explore how labour relations and labour policies have differently shaped these two post-crisis trajectories. I argue that the neo-developmentalist experience in Argentina was marked by ‘disciplining by collective/institutional incorporation’ of both the precarious and unionized segments of the labouring classes in the policy making processes. In contrast, the authoritarian neoliberal configuration in Turkey was characterized by ‘disciplining by unmediated/individual incorporation’, which at the same time implied collective/institutional exclusion of the labouring classes from policy making processes. While the forms of disciplining labour, enabled different scales of capital to avoid giving major concessions to labour in Turkey; both trade unions and the movement of the unemployed forced the governments and different fractions of capital to adopt more institutionalised forms of labour involvement in wage setting, labour policy making and distribution of public revenues in Argentina. Despite these important differences, the Argentine and Turkish experiences highlight in distinctive manners the importance of autonomous collective/democratic empowerment for a progressive and sustainable exit from neoliberalism.